Age and Males
Baby, Infant: -kęˀny-
hakęˀnyaˀah He is a baby, infant.
[hah-ken-en-yah-ah]
ha- masculine singular agent – he
-kęˀny- verb root – be smaller, younger
-aˀ- stative aspect
-ah diminutive aspect suffix
Child: -žaˀah-
hažaˀahah he (is) a child
[hah-zhah-ah-hah]
ha- masculine singular agent – he
-žaˀah- noun root – child
-ah noun suffix
To be a young boy: -ǫmęhtsęht-
rǫmęhtsęhtiˀah He is a young boy.
[ron-menh-tsenh-tee-ee-ah]
r- masculine singular agent – he
-ǫmęhtsęht– verb root – be a young boy
-iˀ stative aspect
-ah diminutive aspect suffix
To be a Young(handsome) Man: –ǫmęnyeht-
rǫmęnyehtiˀ He is a young (handsome[1]) man.
[ron-men-yeh-tee-ee]
r- masculine singular agent – he
-ǫmęnyeht- verb root – be a young man
-iˀ stative aspect
To be Male, a Man: -ngyahaǫ-
hangyahaǫ He is a male, man.
[han-gyah-hah-on]
ha- masculine singular agent – he
-ngyahaǫ verb root – be male, a man + stative aspect
Old Ones (noun root) -tsindahš-
hutsindahšaˀ old man
[hoo-tsen-dah-shah-ah]
hu- masculine singular patient – he
-tsindahš- noun root – old person
-aˀ noun suffix
To be Old (verb root) -ˀtǫ-
haˀtǫˀ He is old
[hah-ah-ton-on]
ha- masculine singular agent – he
-ˀtǫ- verb root – be old
-ˀ stative aspect
Elder: -yuwanę- (‘be large, great’)
hayuwanęh He is great; an elder.
[hah-yoo-wan-enh]
ha- masculine singular agent – he
-yuwanę- verb root – be large, great
-h stative aspect
[1] In some of the stories of the Narratives, this verb has connotations of the young man also being handsome.