Reflexive -atate-
Reciprocal Function
The reflexive often takes on the meaning ‘each other’
tetsatatęnyǫhtęh Lead each other; hurry yourselves; hurry up!
[teh-tsah-tah-ten-yonh-tenh]
te- dualic
-ts- imperative + 2nd person plural agent ‘you’
-atatę- reflexive voice
-nyǫh- verb root ‘to lead’
-t- causative root suffix
-ęh imperative aspect
tetsikyatateyęˀ We two (n) will see each other again
[teh-tsee-kyah-tah-teh-yen-en]
t- dualic
-e- future
-tsi- repetitive
-ky- 1st person inclusive dual agent ‘we two’
-atate- reflexive voice
-yę- verb root ‘to see’
-ˀ punctual aspect
anyǫtatrižuhtaˀ They (ind) kill each other with it.
[an-yon-tah-tree-zhoo-tah-ah]
a- optative
-nyǫ- indefinite agent ‘they (ind)’
-tat– reflexive voice
-riži- verb root ‘to kill’
-ht- causative root suffix
-aˀ punctual aspect
tekyaˀtatǫˀ Let’s give to each other, trade.
[teh-kyah-ah-tah-ton-on]
te- dualic
-ky- imperative + 1st person inclusive dual agent ‘we two’
-aˀtat- reflexive voice
-ǫ- verb root ‘to give’
-ˀ imperative aspect
kyatatenǫhǫh We two are related to each other (speaking to a relative)
[kyah-tah-ten-onh]
ky- 1st person inclusive dual agent ‘we two (n)’
-atate- reflexive voice
-nǫhǫ- verb root ‘to be relatives, to be related’
-h stative aspect
ažatatenǫhǫh We two are related to each other (speaking of a relative)
[ah-zhah-tah-ten-on-honh
až- 1st person exclusive agent ‘we two (x)’
-atate- reflexive voice
-nǫhǫ- verb root ‘to be relatives, to be related’
-h stative aspect
As passive
ehšatakyaˀtandahaht Harm will be caused to your body.
[eh-shah-tah-kyah-ah-tah-ah-tan-dah-haht]
e- future
-hš- 2nd person singular agent ‘you’
-ataky- reflexive voice
-aˀt- noun root ‘body’
-a- noun suffix
-ndahaht verb root ‘to cause harm’ + punctual aspect
huwaˀtakyaweh He is paddlying himself; he is swiming.
[hoo-wah-ah-tah-kyah-weh]
huw- masculine singular patient ‘he’
-aˀtaky- reflexive voice
-yawe- verb root ‘to paddle’
-h stative aspect
hutanditęhstandih He is pitiable.
[hoo-tan-dee-tenh-stan-deeh]
hu- masculine singular patient ‘he’
-tand- reflexive voice
-itę- verb root ‘to have pity, compassion’
-hst- causative-instrumental root suffix
-and- dative root suffix
-ih stative aspect