Tree Varieties
Deciduous Trees
wahtaˀ maple
[wah-tah-ah]
w- feminine-zoic singular patient – it
-aht- noun root – maple
-aˀ noun suffix
ęnǫmeh It is a black locust.
[en-non-meh]
ęnǫmę– feminine-zoic singular agent + verb root – be a black locust
-h stative aspect
ehruhi It is an oak.
[eh-roo-hee]
ehroh feminine-zoic singular agent + verb root – be an oak
-i stative aspect
unˀdakwaˀ shell-bark or shagbark hickory
[oo-oon-dah-kwah-ah]
u- feminine-zoic singular patient – it
-nˀdakw- noun root – hickory
-aˀ noun suffix
yarahkwaˀt It is an elm.
[yah-rah-kwah-aht]
ya- feminine-zoic singular agent – it
-rahkwaˀt verb root – be an elm + stative aspect
uhšuyaraˀ slippery elm, slippery elm bark
[ooh-shoo-yah-rah-ah]
u- feminine-zoic singular patient – it
-hšuyar- noun root – slippery elm slippery elm bark’
-aˀ noun suffix
yandehsekwaˀ birch, birch bark for baskets
[yan-deh-seh-kwah-ah]
ya- FZA ‘it’
-ndehsekw- NR, ‘birch, birch bark’
-aˀ NS
užewaˀ walnut (tree or nut)
[oo-zheh-wah-ah]
u- feminine-zoic singular patient – it
-žew- noun root – walnut tree, nut
-aˀ noun suffix
ašiˀe It is an ash tree.
[ah-shee-ee-eh]
ašiˀe feminine-zoic singular agent – it + noun root – ash’ + stative aspect
uhušraˀ basswood, basswood bark
[oo-hoo-shrah-ah]
u- feminine-zoic – it
-hušr– noun root – basswood, basswood bark
-aˀ noun suffix
yangyahǫkaˀ box elder
[yan-gyah-hon-kah-ah]
ya- feminine-zoic singular agent – it
-ngyahǫk noun root – box elder
-aˀ noun suffix
uskwi(r)ažah It has little branches, is a willow.
[oo-skwee
u- feminine-zoic singular patient – it
-skwi(r)- noun root – branches
-a- verb root – be a size
-ž- stative aspect
-ah diminutive aspect suffix
Evergreen Trees
unęˀtaˀ evergreen
[oo-nen-en-tah-ah]
u- feminine-zoic singular patient – it
-nęˀt- noun root – evergreen
-aˀ noun suffix
yandehtaˀ pine
[yan-deh-tah-ah]
ya- feminine-zoic singular agent – it
-ndeht– noun root – pine
-aˀ noun suffix
uskwataˀ (white) cedar
u- feminine-zoic singular patient – it
-skwat- noun root – (white) cedar
-aˀ noun suffix
aˀte It is a spruce.
[ah-ah-teh]
-aˀte feminine-zoic singular agent – it + verb root – be a spruce
+ stative aspect
usatętaˀ hemlock
[oo-sah-ten-tah-ah]
u- feminine-zoic singular patient – it
-satęt- noun root – hemlock
-aˀ noun suffix