The Cislocative in Wyandot
The cislocative is a prefix that typically takes the meanings ‘where, here’. It takes the forms
-(e)t- and -k-. It appears frequently in the Narratives.
kǫhtarateˀ Where there is a lake.
[konh-tah-rah-teh-eh]
k- cislocative
-ǫhtar- feminine-zoic singular agent ‘it’ + noun root ‘lake’
-a- noun suffix
-te- verb root ‘to exist’
-ˀ stative aspect
tu utahąǫˀ yanǫhskǫˀ He arrived there inside a house
there he arrived at a place inside a house
kǫmaąˀtęhtiˀ (It is) where they (m) made her fall
[kon-man-an-tenh-tee-ee]
k- cislocative
-ǫma- masculine plural agent + feminine-zoic singular patient
-ąˀt- noun root ‘body’
-ę- verb root ‘to fall’
-ht- causative root suffix
-iˀ stative aspect
etrǫndaǫˀ (It is) where he has his home.
[eh-tron-dah-on-on]
et- cislocative
-r- masculine singular agent ‘he’
-ǫndaǫ- verb root ‘to have as home’
-ˀ stative aspect
When the cislocative occurs with the factual, the factual comes both before and after it.
utahąǫˀ He arrived at a place.
[oo-tah-han-on-on]
u- factual
-t- cislocative
-a- factual
-ha- masculine singular agent ‘he’
-ǫ- verb root ‘to arrive’
-ˀ punctual aspect
When the cislocative occurs with the dualic, they take on the meaning of the repetitive:
te՚tre՚ He will come back .
[teh-eh-treh-eh]
t- dualic
eˀ- future
-t- cislocative
-r- masculine singular agent ‘he’
-e- verb root ‘to come’
-ˀ punctual aspect