Factual
The factual is a modal that usually takes the punctual aspect, but sometimes takes the purposive aspect. It’s usual ‘tense’ is the recent past. It is by far the most often found of the three modals. It is represented by a- sometimes with a -ˀ- following. It ends with a -w- when there is a verb root with a vowel following it.
aˀwehǫˀ She wishes, wished, thought.
[ah-ah-weh-hon-on]
aˀw- factual
-eh- feminine-zoic singular agent + verb root – to wish, think
-ǫˀ punctual aspect
ahęnhaǫˀ He said.
[ah-hen-hah-on-on]
a- factual
-h- masculine singular agent – he
-ęnhaǫ- verb root – to say
-ˀ punctual aspect
The Double Factual
The factual appears twice in a word when it is found with the dualic, the cislocative and the repetitive. The first instance is usually -u- , while the second is the usual -a-.
utawahkęˀ She was raised.
[oo-tah-wah-ken-en]
u- factual
-t- dualic[1]
-aw- factual
-ahk- semi-reflexive voice
-ę- verb root – to raise
-ˀ punctual aspect
usahayęhąˀ He goes back out.
[oo-sah-hah-yen-han-an]
u- factual
-s- repetitive
-a- factual
-h- masculine singular agent – he
-ayę- verb root – to go out
-hą- inchoative root suffix
-ˀ punctual aspect
kasayasatayaręgya When it drove the fog away again.
[kah-sah-yah-sah
k- cislocative
-a- factual
-s- repetitive
-a- factual
-ya- feminine-zoic singular agent – it
-sat- noun root – fog
-a- noun suffix
-yaręgy- verb root – to drive away
-ah punctual aspect
utaweˀ She, it is coming here
[oo-tah-weh-eh]
u- factual
-t- cislocative
-aw– factual
-e- feminine-zoic singular agent – she or it + verb root – to come
-ˀ purposive aspect
tutareˀ He came back.
[too-tah-reh-eh]
t- dualic
-u- factual
-t- cislocative
-a- factual
-r- masculine singular agent – he
-e- verb root – to come
-ˀ purposive aspect
[1] The dualic is always used with this verb root.