To be Large, Great –(y)uwanę-
The Verb Alone
The verb alone can refer to elders, both in general terms, and with respect to being the elder of two siblings.
hayuwanęh He is an elder[1].
[hah-yoo-wah-nenh]
ha- masculine singular agent – he
-yuwanę- verb root – to be large, great
-h stative aspect
yayuwanęh She is an elder. [also large bear] – takes some faulty forms
[yah-yoo-wah-nenh]
ya- feminine-zoic singular agent – she
-yuwanę- verb root – to be large, great
-h stative aspect
hatiyuwanęh They (male or male and female) are elders.
[hah-tee-yoo-wah-nenh]
hati- masculine plural agent – they (m)
-yuwanę- verb root – to be large, great
-h stative aspect
atiwanęhs. They (f) (wolves and cougars) are large ones
[ah-tee-wah-nenhs]
ati- feminine-zoic plural agent – they (f)
-wanę- verb root – to be large, great
-h- stative aspect
-s plural aspect suffix
yeyuwahnęh I am large.
[yeh-yoo-wah-nenh]
ye- 1st person singular agent – I
-yuwahnę– verb root – to be large, great
-h stative aspect
hǫmąyuwanęh He is chief.
[hon-man-wah-nenh]
hǫmą- masculine plural agent + masculine singular patient – they – him
-yuwanę- verb root – to be large, great
-h stative aspect
yǫmąyuwanęh She is chief.[2]
[yon-man-wah-nenh]
yǫmą- feminine-zoic plural agent + feminine-zoic singular patient – they – her
-yuwanę- verb root – to be large, great
-h stative aspect
hekwayuwanęh He is great to us; he is our chief.
[heh-kwah-yoo-wah-nenh]
hekwa- 1st person inclusive plural agent – we – him
-yuwanę- verb root – to be large, great
-h stative aspect
tayuwanęh He is the elder of two.
[tah-yoo-wah-nenh]
t- dualic
-a- masculine singular agent – he
-yuwanę- verb root – to be large, great
-h stative aspect
kwayuwanęh She is the elder of two
[kwah-yoo-wah-nenh]
kw- dualic
-a- feminine-zoic singular agent[3]
-yuwanę- verb root – to be large, great
-h stative aspect
Incorporating Noun Roots
The verb is used to incorporate a large number of nouns (e.g., blade, eyeball, group, island, lake, matter, mind, path, pot, river, space, stone, and number of tens,
ahsareyuwanęh It is a large iron, blade; Americans
[ah-sah-reh-yoo-wah-nenh]
ahsar- feminine-zoic singular agent – it + noun root – blade/iron
-eyuwanę- verb root – to be large, great
-h stative aspect
uhsęhšuwanęh It is a large ten, a high price.
[ooh-senh-shoo-wah-nenh]
u- feminine-zoic singular patient – it
-hsę- verb root – to be ten
-hš- nominalizer
-uwanę- verb root – to be large
-h stative aspect
teyahkweˀnduwanęˀns large eyeballs (i.e., blackberries)
[teh-yah-kwen-en-doo-wah-nen-ens]
te- dualic
-ya- feminine-zoic singular agent – it
-kwe՚nd- noun root – eyeball(s)
–uwanę- verb root – to be large
-՚n- stative aspect
-s plural aspect suffix
hundiyǫruwanęh He is a great mind, is wise.
[hoon-dee-yon-roo-wan-neh]
hu- masculine singular patient – he
-ndiyǫr- noun root – mind
-uwanę verb root – to be large
-h stative aspect
yękyukuwanęh It is a large group.
[yen-kyoo-koo-wah-nenh]
yękyu- feminine-zoic singular agent + verb root – to be a clan
-k- instrumental root suffix
-uwanę- verb root – to be large
-h stative aspect
yarižuhtaˀwanęh It is a large stone.
[yah-ree-zhoo-tah-ah-wah-nenh]
ya- feminine-zoic agent – it
-rižuht- noun root – stone
-a- noun suffix
ˀwanę- verb root – to be large
-h stative aspect
yarižuhtuwanęˀs large stones
[yah-ree-zhooh-too-wah-nen-ens]
ya- feminine-zoic singular agent – it
-rižuht- noun root – rock, stone
-uwanę- verb root – to be large
-ˀ- stative aspect
-s plural aspect suffix
yandaˀtsuwanęh It is a large pot
[yan-dah-ah-tsoo-wah-nenh]
ya- feminine-zoic singular agent – it
-ndaˀts- noun root – pot
-uwanę- verb root – to be large
-h stative aspect
urihuwanęh It is a great matter.
[oo-ree-hoo-wah-nenh]
u- feminine-zoic singular patient – it
-rih- noun root – matter, affair
-uwanę- verb root – to be large
-h stative aspect
[1] In examples in the Narratives it referred to a male snake being large, as well as the large turtle and a lion.
[2] In the Narratives this refers to the chief of the eagles and of the ground squirrels/chipmunks.
[3] The reason for this form appearing is not clear.